Direct
Speech / Quoted Speech
Mengatakan apa kata seseorang disebut pidato langsung (terkadang
disebut pidato dikutip)
Berikut apa seseorang mengatakan muncul dalam tanda kutip ("...") dan harus kata demi kata
Berikut apa seseorang mengatakan muncul dalam tanda kutip ("...") dan harus kata demi kata
For
example:
She said, "Today's
lesson is on presentations."
Pidato langsung (terkadang disebut pidato dilaporkan), tidak
menggunakan tanda kutip untuk menyertakan apa yang orang katakan dan tidak harus
kata demi kata.
Saat melaporkan pidato tegang biasanya berubah. Hal ini karena ketika kita menggunakan pidato dilaporkan, kita biasanya berbicara tentang waktu di masa lalu (karena sudah jelas orang yang berbicara awalnya berbicara di masa lalu). Kata kerja karena itu biasanya harus di masa lalu juga.
Saat melaporkan pidato tegang biasanya berubah. Hal ini karena ketika kita menggunakan pidato dilaporkan, kita biasanya berbicara tentang waktu di masa lalu (karena sudah jelas orang yang berbicara awalnya berbicara di masa lalu). Kata kerja karena itu biasanya harus di masa lalu juga.
For example:
Direct speech
|
Indirect speech
|
"I'm going to
school", he said.
|
He said that he was go
to school
|
TOP
As a rule when you
report something someone has said you go back a tense: (the tense on the left
changes to the tense on the right):
Direct speech
|
Indirect speech
|
||
Present simple
She said, "It's hot." |
›
|
Past simple
She said it was hot. |
|
Present continuous
She said, " French language teaching." |
›
|
Past continuous
She said she was teaching french . |
|
Direct speech
|
Indirect speech
|
||
"My name is Dila", she said.
|
She said her name was
Dila.
or
She said her name is
Dila.
|
You can
also use the present tense if you are talking about a future event
Direct speech (exact quote)
|
Indirect speech (not exact)
|
"Next week's lesson is on reported speech ", she said.
|
She said next week's
lesson is on reported speech.
|
If the reported
sentence contains an expression of time. You must change it to fit in with the
time of reporting.
. For example we need to
change words like here and yesterday if they have different meanings at the
time and place of reporting.
Today
|
+ 24 hours - Indirect speech
|
"Today's lesson
is on presentations."
|
She said yesterday's lesson
was on presentations.
|
Expressions of time if reported on a different day
|
||
this (evening)
|
›
|
that (evening)
|
today
|
›
|
yesterday ...
|
these (days)
|
›
|
those (days)
|
In reported speech the
pronoun often changes
For
example :
Me
|
You
|
"I teach English online."
|
She said she teaches English online.
|
Said, told and asked
are the most common verbs used in indirect speech
We use asked to report question
For
example : I asked lynne what time the lesson started
We use told with an object
For
example : Lynne told me she felt tired.